ABSTRACT
The complementary currency Zielony (PLZ) is an example of an economic experiment, operating in Poland since 2015. It is also a new type of economic tool that supports the local economy and influences the creation of sustainable local developments. However, this impact is not direct, as it is realised through a network of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises operating in the local economy, which, among other things, create jobs relevant to the economic prosperity of the region and the life of the local community. The main objective of this article is to demonstrate the relationship between the use of the complementary currency Zielony in Poland by the entities that create the system of this currency and its impact on the economy, in particular on the local sustainable development in the pre-pandemic and pandemic period of Covid-19. The main research problem is formulated in the form of a question: "What are the benefits and opportunities for the economic entities of the local economy as a result of their accession to the complementary currency Zielony system?” The article adopts the following thesis: "The complementary currency Zielony in Poland positively influences the functioning of the local economy and the economic entities that belong to the system and promotes the creation of conditions that are important for sustainable local development. However, it works best when it is not disrupted by administrative barriers and lockdowns, like those that appeared in Poland during the Covid-19 pandemic.” The analysis carried out proved the validity of the thesis and allowed to solve the main problem. The study used the method of critical literature analysis and analysis of statistical data from 2015–2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Technological and Economic Development of Economy is the property of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The purpose of this article was to attempt to characterise the degree of implementation and use of technological innovations in logistics companies and to determine their impact on risk factors, identification methods and tools for its minimisation. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used the desk research method of statistical data analysis, the comparative analysis method and the method of critical analysis of the subject literature. A survey technique was used to obtain primary data, the research tool of which was a research questionnaire distributed electronically (CASI) in the form of a survey questionnaire. The survey technique was complemented by the telephone interview method (CATI) and the face-to-face interview method (CAPI). Findings: The results of the research carried out show that despite the occurrence of risk, companies decide to implement various types of innovations, especially those from the technological area. This is mainly due to fear for the future of the organisation connected with its development and the technological rush that is currently observed in the economic space. Despite the high risk involved in this type of investment, companies try to minimise the risk of failure, and the greatest concerns in their operation relate not so much to aspects of the internal environment as to the socio-economic situation of the world. Practical Implications: Nowadays, in order for companies to implement innovative solutions in the technological area, they are obliged to provide access to their source and prepare information about existing solutions and possibilities of their use. The results of the survey confirm that for new ideas to bring the desired result, they must be carefully defined, analysed and adapted to the organisation's profile. Such activities are of particular importance when introducing innovations aimed at ensuring an appropriate level of process execution in integrated supply chains. Originality/value: The obtained results lead to questions and discussion as to whether it is currently possible to "be" non-innovative in the technological field, and whether it is possible to avoid the risks associated with the implementation of innovative solutions? As the research results show, it is impossible.
ABSTRACT
The article aims to present how the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown affects the functioning and circulation of complementary currencies in entities that have joined the complementary currency system with a special focus on the complementary currency Zielony (PLZ) in Poland. The main research problem of the paper is formulated in the form of a question concerning the impact of the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of the Zielony in Poland in commercial transactions by entities belonging to the local currency system. In order to achieve the objective and solve the main problem, the article uses such research methods as: the method of critical analysis of literature, historical method, statistical method, comparative method, observational method, free expert interview, as well as analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction and abstraction. We conducted a critical analysis of the literature and analysis of statistical data of the complementary currency Zielony in Poland in the period from March 2015 to June 2021, and the results of the expert interview showed that this currency is not a tool to support the functioning of local economy entities during non-financial crises, such as COVID-19 pandemic. This is influenced by, among other things, full or partial lockdown and other restrictions on the functioning of commercial entities during a pandemic. The consequences of such solutions include the weakening of economic activity and a decrease in the value of turnover of entities operating in various sectors of the local economy, especially entities of a service nature, which constitute about 80% of the structure of the Zielony complementary currency system in Poland. The main conclusion resulting from the conducted research is as follows: the complementary currency Zielony in Poland can influence the creation of local entrepreneurship and sustainable development and support the activities of the sector of small- and medium-sized enterprises, but these benefits are possible to achieve primarily in conditions of stable and undisturbed functioning of the economy. The realization of the payment function of the complementary currency, the Zielony, and its use in payments of entities belonging to those industries covered by lockdown and other administrative restrictions is impossible (or insignificant) at this time due to the absence (or hindered) of its circulation in the economy. The research results and conclusions presented in the article meet the assumptions of the application objective and can provide the entities of the micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprise sector with knowledge about the dependencies resulting from the use of the complementary currency in the lockdown period by the entities that implement the assumptions of the system of complementary currencies.